Table UI considerations for large datasets
Learn design techniques to build better data tables
The modern world runs on large datasets but users often suffer with poor table designs. This article explores ways to improve table UX through a number of UI considerations. Keep in mind these are just examples. The user and use case should drive your design decisions.
Fix contextual identifying columns
In this example, the horizontal screen space is smaller than the data in the table. Allowing horizontal scrolling and fixing the contextual identifying columns (customer name, amount, and balance due) helps the user parse the data without losing their place.
Fix column headings
Fixing column headings allows the user to scroll many rows without losing the context of the column category.
Allowing for reordering and turning columns on and off
Providing the user the ability to show and hide different fields reduces complexity when comparing, finding, and actioning data. Learn more about column customization in my recent article.
Consider display density
Designers often increase whitespace to create a better looking visual design but this can get in the way of usability when managing large datasets. Consider display density or give the user the option to customize table row height.
Filter searching
Adding the ability to narrow down results with a search input that filters data in real-time based on what the user types helps the user find specific items in large datasets. This can be done on a column or table basis.
Arrange columns in order of importance and visually distinguish identifying columns
In this hypothetical example, the user identified the customer name as the identifying field. Positioning it as the first column and bolding the text allows the user to quickly identify and action an invoice. Also, the amount and balance due were contextually important fields to the users. Positioning them next to each other and aligning them to the right helps the user scan this information.
Basic filter selectors
Allowing the user to select what they want to see from a predefined list allows them to quickly narrow rows to find relevant data.
Tables aren’t just data—they’re decisions. Every column you align, every scroll you fix, every filter you offer changes how people work, what they see, and what they miss.
In a world overwhelmed by dashboards, the humble table is where the real work happens. Design it with care. I plan to write more on filtering techniques and usability considerations in future articles.
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